Furniture Designers in the 19th Century

The design and development of furniture over thebecame an exponent of the Regency style of
centuries had been steady and predictable. It wasdecorative arts. Like his predecessors before him,
largely influenced by the availability of materials,he published a book of designs in 1807 called
and the changing fashions of the eras. Armoires'Household Furniture and Interior Decoration'.
were designed for suits of armour, but laterWilliam Morris (1834-1896)
became wardrobes for clothing. Chairs lost theirMorris is a well-known name today for his legacy
arms to accommodate wide skirts, and becameof poetry writing and textiles. He introduced
upholstered and comfortable to fit in with theheavy floral patterns to the drawing rooms of the
drawing rooms of fashionable ladies.day, in glass, wallpaper, textiles, and also in
To quote William Cowper: Necessity inventedfurniture. He was associated with the Arts and
stools, convenience next suggested elbow-chairs,Crafts movement of that time, and his
and luxury the accomplish'd Sofa last.decorative arts firm produced "The Green
The 18th century had been dominated by fineDrawing Room" which is on display today in the
cabinetmakers such as Chippendale, HepplewhiteVictoria and Albert Museum.
and Sheraton, and their craftsmanship and designsGustav Stickley (1858-1942)
are still loved and admired today. However, moreStickley began his working life as a furniture
change was on the horizon in the later part of themaker and architect. He was an active member
19th century, with the Arts and Craftsof the American Craftsman Movement, similar to
movement, as it became known, which integratedthe British Arts and Crafts movement. His house
craft traditions with mass production techniquesdesigns were innovative, with open floor plans,
aimed at the growing mass markets.fitted bookcases and benches and large windows
Thomas Hope (1769-1831)for natural light. He created his own style of
Hope was born in Amsterdam, Holland, and wasfurniture in the 'Mission Oak Style' which was
descended from a Scottish family of successfulmade of American oak. He made simple, useful
London merchants. At the age of 18 he began afurniture. Sadly the popularity of his designs was
tour of Europe, Asia and Africa which greatlyshort-lived and he declared himself bankrupt.
affected his later artistic designs. His furniture wasPerversely, his styles are now in vogue, with his
in the style of 'English Empire' which was definedsimple mission-style furniture reaching high prices
by extravagant and heavy designs, and heat auction today.